![]() ![]() His statue was placed among those of the legendary Roman kings, he was allowed to wear a purple robe, he was given the surname "the country's parent", sat on a raised cushion in the theater and on a golden throne in the Senate, coins showed his portrait, and a temple was erected to Caesar's Clemency: its first priest was Mark Antony, who had rescued Caesar at Dyrrhachium. The only kings the Romans knew, were the oriental kings, and therefore Caesar used their symbols to show his power. Of course, success in the east would not have solved the domestic problem.Īnother way to solve the constitutional problem was to behave himself as a king, without actually using this title. The dictator was to follow his legions and planned to attack the Parthian empire ( text). Its temporary commander was the son of Caesar's niece Atia, the young Gaius Octavius. In the spring of 44, an expeditionary force - consisting of at least the legions II, IIII, XXVII, XXXV, XXXVI and XXXVII - was on its way to the east, where Crassus' death had to be avenged. It is possible that Caesar wanted to evade the question by leaving Rome and starting a new military campaign. His clemency was important, but nothing more than a precondition. Even though the Senate was defeated, oligarchic sentiments were strong, and Caesar had to find a way to make his rule tolerable. Legions Constitutional problems Julius CaesarĬaesar's most important problem, however, was that he had become too powerful: the Roman republic was an oligarchy in which the powers were shared among the senators.
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